Milestone-Proposal:LORAN: Difference between revisions
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{{ProposalEdit|a1=LORAN|a2a=Cambridge MA|a2b=Boston Section|a3=1940 to 1946|a4=LORAN is a hyperbolic system of navigation by which difference in distance from two points on shore is determined by measurement of the time interval between reception of pulse- modulated synchronized signals from transmitters at the two points. The name LORAN is derived from long-range navigation. Since it operates in the 1,750 to 1,950 kc frequency range, both ground waves and sky waves can be used to to provide coverage over an extensive area with few stations. An important advantage of loran during the WW2 was that a ship could use loran without breaking radio silence. Loran transmitting stations work in pairs. Synchronization is achieved by letting the signals of the Master station, control those of the Slave station. To help overcome the disadvantage of requiring two transmitting stations for a single family of hyperbolic lines of positions, loran forms a chain of stations, so that each station except the end ones operate with the station on either side to form an intersecting lattice of position lines. | {{ProposalEdit|a1=LORAN|a2a=Cambridge MA|a2b=Boston Section|a3=1940 to 1946|a4=LORAN is a hyperbolic system of navigation by which difference in distance from two points on shore is determined by measurement of the time interval between reception of pulse- modulated synchronized signals from transmitters at the two points. The name LORAN is derived from long-range navigation. Since it operates in the 1,750 to 1,950 kc frequency range, both ground waves and sky waves can be used to to provide coverage over an extensive area with few stations. An important advantage of loran during the WW2 was that a ship could use loran without breaking radio silence. Loran transmitting stations work in pairs. Synchronization is achieved by letting the signals of the Master station, control those of the Slave station. To help overcome the disadvantage of requiring two transmitting stations for a single family of hyperbolic lines of positions, loran forms a chain of stations, so that each station except the end ones operate with the station on either side to form an intersecting lattice of position lines. | ||
Loran consist of three components: 1. a chain of radio transmitters in operations 24/7 to create an electronic lattice or grid upon the surface of the earth. 2. a loran receiver-indicator in each ship or aircraft and 3. loran nautical charts or tables published by the US Navy Hydrographic Office. A simple explanation of loran can be found is section on loran as an Attachment named "American Practical Navigator" | Loran consist of three components: 1. a chain of radio transmitters in operations 24/7 to create an electronic lattice or grid upon the surface of the earth. 2. a loran receiver-indicator in each ship or aircraft and 3. loran nautical charts or tables published by the US Navy Hydrographic Office. A simple explanation of loran can be found is section on loran as an Attachment named "American Practical Navigator" | ||
INSERT OR REFER TO DOC.. | INSERT OR REFER TO DOC.. | ||
Each ship or bomber required a radio receiver- indicator, something like a electronic stopwatch but with a cathode ray tube, timing circuits, etc. The third system component was Loran charts or tables wasThen the navigator | Each ship or bomber required a radio receiver- indicator, something like a electronic stopwatch but with a cathode ray tube, timing circuits, etc. The third system component was Loran charts or tables wasThen the navigator | ||
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7. Alexander A. McKenzie, “LORAN-THE LATEST IN NAVIGATIONAL AIDS,” QST, Part I , vol. 29. pp. 12-16. December, 1945; part 2. vol. 30, pp. 54-57. January, 1946; part 3, vol. 30, pp, 62-65, February, 1946 | 7. Alexander A. McKenzie, “LORAN-THE LATEST IN NAVIGATIONAL AIDS,” QST, Part I , vol. 29. pp. 12-16. December, 1945; part 2. vol. 30, pp. 54-57. January, 1946; part 3, vol. 30, pp, 62-65, February, 1946 | ||
http://www.insidegnss.com/node/1806#Baseband_Technologies_Inc_|a5= | http://www.insidegnss.com/node/1806#Baseband_Technologies_Inc_|a5=The speed in which the LORAN system of navigation was initially designed, developed, constructed, placed into operations, manned 24/7 by radio technicians at isolated regions of the globe, is hard to explain. Even for a well-funded wartime crash program. Authors of this milestone proposal are not aware of anything similar to loran. | ||
The proposal covers the time period between 1940 to 1946, i.e. the very beginning of loran. That period was especially awesome, noteworthy. | |||
Offer the following websites can explain history ..history | |||
No electrical engineering effort / program has ever been set up and organized with such lasting .. with such reach as this .. | |||
There was nothing like loran. Loran transmitters Loran was first to be of service. | |||
Pierce explains how the first air-borne and sea-borne trails had been so successful as to convince both the US Navy and the Royal Canadian Navy.The rest is history. | Pierce explains how the first air-borne and sea-borne trails had been so successful as to convince both the US Navy and the Royal Canadian Navy.The rest is history. | ||
By 1 October 1942 a chain of four loran transmitting stations in the US and Nova Scotia were on the air. Loran receivers began to be shipped and installed on selected naval vessels and a group of radio technicians were sent to training schools in Cambridge. | |||
45,000 air-borne Loran receivers-indicators were manufactured and delivered by 1 August 1945. Improved models were being made available when the war came to an end. | |||
Loran was a hugh government sponsored program. It was developed early in the 1940s in time to help air-borne navigators and ship in wartime and completed in time to ... | |||
There is no equal to or competing electrical engineered system The loran project was an engineered systdem was designed, builtof | There is no equal to or competing electrical engineered system The loran project was an engineered systdem was designed, builtof | ||
To what extent loran was born out of Gee's concepts is unresolved and academic. Gee was also a pulse-modulated hyperbolic navigation system, similar to loran. Gee operated at lower frequencies and was limited to line-of-sight distances, of 400 miles or so. Gee was intended primarily for aircraft during WW2. | To what extent loran was born out of Gee's concepts is unresolved and academic. Gee was also a pulse-modulated hyperbolic navigation system, similar to loran. Gee operated at lower frequencies and was limited to line-of-sight distances, of 400 miles or so. Gee was intended primarily for aircraft during WW2. | ||
Atlantic | Atlantic | ||
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John (Jack) A. Pierce, who retired from a position as a senior research fellow at Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. was awarded the Medal For Engineering Excellence in 1990 for the "design , teaching and advocacy of radio propagation, navigation and timing which led to the development of Loran, Loran C and Omega." In 1941, Pierce began working at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Radiation Laboratory which was testing the United States' first hyperbolic radio aid to navigation called Loran. It inaugurated in October 1942. Later work produced Loran C which operated at a lower frequency of 100 kHz. After WWII, he was appointed senior research fellow in applied physics at Harvard and from 1950 to 1974 did work on low frequency navigation aids that lead to Omega. | John (Jack) A. Pierce, who retired from a position as a senior research fellow at Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. was awarded the Medal For Engineering Excellence in 1990 for the "design , teaching and advocacy of radio propagation, navigation and timing which led to the development of Loran, Loran C and Omega." In 1941, Pierce began working at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Radiation Laboratory which was testing the United States' first hyperbolic radio aid to navigation called Loran. It inaugurated in October 1942. Later work produced Loran C which operated at a lower frequency of 100 kHz. After WWII, he was appointed senior research fellow in applied physics at Harvard and from 1950 to 1974 did work on low frequency navigation aids that lead to Omega. | ||
Coast Guard Lt. Cmdr. L.M. Harding|a6= | Coast Guard Lt. Cmdr. L.M. Harding|a6=Having to locate loran transmitters (North Atlantic Chain) in remote wilderness areas was a big problem. Getting supplies to isolated stations, crews, etc.. | ||
Cooperation with foreign countries was required to build stations in Labrador, Newfoundland, Greenland and Iceland. | |||
As the program matured, the Rad Lab was able to step back and let more capable organizations, such as the USCG, take over site construction and system operations. By 1948, the Rad Lab had completed its mission. | |||
Radiation Lab and Coast Guard &&& personnel Defficulties of supplying the LORAN crews | Radiation Lab and Coast Guard &&& personnel Defficulties of supplying the LORAN crews | ||
Loran stations in Greenland, Newfoundland, and Labrador especially hard. Getting these loran stations built, staffed, and supplied was especially trying. To get an idea as to geography, and the conditions faced by Rad Lab, Coast Guard and military personnel responsible for getting the North Atlantic Loran System , look at | Loran stations in Greenland, Newfoundland, and Labrador especially hard. Getting these loran stations built, staffed, and supplied was especially trying. To get an idea as to geography, and the conditions faced by Rad Lab, Coast Guard and military personnel responsible for getting the North Atlantic Loran System , look at | ||
Revision as of 19:51, 9 December 2010
This Proposal has not been submitted and may only be edited by the original author.
Pierce Loran.pdf
